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High-Performance 1P104S Battery Pack Solutions for Utility-Scale Energy Storage
A 1P104S battery pack is a high-voltage lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery module widely used in utility-scale and large commercial energy storage systems. In this configuration, “1P” refers to a single parallel cell group, while “104S” indicates that 104 battery cells are connected in series, forming a high-voltage DC battery pack suitable for grid-connected and containerized ESS architectures.
Compared with low-voltage battery modules, the 1P104S structure enables higher system voltage, lower operating current, and improved overall efficiency, making it particularly suitable for liquid-cooled energy storage containers, renewable energy power stations, and high-load industrial applications. As energy storage systems continue to scale toward megawatt and gigawatt-hour levels, standardized high-voltage battery packs such as 1P104S have become a foundational building block in modern ESS design.
Key Benefits:
High voltage output for large-scale energy applications
Modular design for easy maintenance and scalability
Excellent liquid-cooled thermal management system
Smart BMS for real-time protection and diagnostics
Long lifecycle with over 8000 charge-discharge cycles
Core Technologies:
Laser/resistance welding for robust electrical connections
Advanced liquid cooling system for consistent temperature control
Intelligent BMS enabling remote monitoring and real-time safety protection
Challenges for Utility-Scale Energy Storage Battery Packs
Despite their advantages, high-voltage battery packs like 1P104S also face several technical and engineering challenges in real-world applications.
Thermal management is one of the most critical issues. High-capacity batteries generate significant heat during fast charging, high-power discharge, and frequent cycling. Uneven temperature distribution can accelerate cell aging and increase safety risks.
Cell consistency becomes increasingly important as more cells are connected in series. Small variations in capacity, internal resistance, or voltage response can accumulate across a 104S string, affecting system stability and usable energy.
Safety and reliability are also key concerns. High-voltage battery systems must effectively prevent overvoltage, overcurrent, insulation failure, and thermal runaway, especially in long-term grid applications.
Finally, system integration complexity presents another challenge. Battery packs must work seamlessly with PCS, EMS, cooling systems, and fire protection solutions while meeting strict installation and commissioning requirements.
Why Choose Our Energy Storage Solutions?
Dagong ESS addresses these challenges through system-level engineering, advanced manufacturing processes, and standardized design principles, delivering reliable 1P104S battery pack solutions for utility-scale projects.
To manage thermal challenges, Dagong ESS adopts advanced liquid-cooled battery pack designs, ensuring uniform temperature control across all cells. This approach significantly reduces temperature gradients, improves cycle life consistency, and supports stable operation in high-temperature or high-duty-cycle environments.
For cell consistency, strict cell selection, grading, and module-level matching are applied before pack assembly. This ensures voltage balance and capacity uniformity across the entire 104-series configuration, enhancing long-term system reliability.
In terms of safety, Dagong ESS integrates multi-level battery management systems (BMS) capable of real-time monitoring, fault detection, and protective responses. Parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, insulation resistance, and SOC are continuously monitored to minimize operational risks.
Additionally, Dagong ESS battery packs are designed with standardized electrical and communication interfaces, enabling smooth integration with mainstream PCS and EMS platforms and reducing on-site commissioning complexity.
Applications of Energy Storage Systems Using 1P104S Battery Packs
Renewable Energy Power Stations
1P104S battery packs are widely deployed in solar and wind power stations to mitigate intermittency and improve power output stability. High-voltage battery configurations allow efficient energy conversion and reduced system losses at large scales.
Grid Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation
For utility and grid operators, 1P104S-based ESS supports peak shaving, load shifting, and frequency regulation, helping balance supply and demand while improving grid resilience.
In industrial parks, factories, and large commercial facilities, 1P104S battery packs enable energy cost optimization, demand charge reduction, and backup power solutions under high-load conditions.
Microgrids and Off-Grid Systems
High-voltage battery packs provide reliable energy storage for microgrids, islanded systems, and remote locations, ensuring stable power supply even in areas with limited grid infrastructure.
Critical Infrastructure Backup Power
Data centers, hospitals, and telecom facilities rely on 1P104S battery packs for emergency backup and uninterrupted power supply, where reliability and safety are paramount.
Dagong ESS Products Showcase
Dagong ESS offers a comprehensive portfolio of liquid-cooled energy storage systems built around standardized high-voltage battery pack configurations such as 1P104S.
5MWh Liquid-Cooled ESS Container
Engineered for large-scale peak shaving and grid-level applications, the 5MWh solution supports up to 2.5MW output, high cycling frequency, and long-term stable operation.
3.35MWh Liquid-Cooled ESS Container
Designed for renewable energy integration and grid support, this containerized system features modular battery packs, intelligent thermal management, and remote monitoring capabilities.
Both systems are designed to meet global project requirements and comply with international certifications such as CE, UN38.3, MSDS, and 3C.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How long does a 1P104S battery pack last?
A: Under standard operating conditions, a 1P104S LFP battery pack typically supports over 8000 charge–discharge cycles and offers a design life exceeding 15 years.
Q: Can 1P104S battery packs be customized?
A: Yes. Voltage range, capacity configuration, cooling method, and BMS functions can be customized to match specific project requirements.
Q: Why is liquid cooling preferred for high-voltage ESS?
A: Liquid cooling provides superior heat dissipation, improves temperature uniformity, enhances safety margins, and supports higher power density compared with air-cooled designs.
A: 1P104S battery packs are mainly used in hundreds-of-kilowatts to megawatt-scale energy storage systems, particularly in liquid-cooled containerized ESS, grid-side storage projects, and large commercial and industrial applications.
Q: What are the advantages of 1P104S battery packs compared with low-voltage battery systems?
A: Compared with low-voltage battery packs, the 1P104S high-voltage architecture enables lower operating current, reduced cable losses, and higher overall system efficiency, while simplifying PCS design—making it more suitable for large-scale energy storage projects.
Q: How is cell consistency and safety ensured in a 104-series configuration?
A: Dagong ESS implements cell sorting, grading, and module-level matching during production. In addition, the BMS continuously monitors individual cell voltage and temperature, ensuring long-term stability and operational safety.
Q: Do 1P104S battery packs support remote monitoring and intelligent operation & maintenance?
A: Yes. The battery pack can be integrated with EMS and cloud-based platforms to enable remote monitoring, data analytics, fault warnings, and operational record management, helping reduce O&M costs and improve system availability.
Q: Is the 1P104S battery pack compatible with different PCS and EMS brands?A: Yes. The battery pack adopts standardized electrical interfaces and communication protocols, allowing compatibility with mainstream PCS and EMS platforms and simplifying system integration.
Q: How does the 1P104S battery pack perform in high-temperature or harsh environments?
A: With the support of a liquid-cooled thermal management system, the 1P104S battery pack can maintain stable performance in high-temperature and high-load environments, making it suitable for industrial zones, desert regions, and high-cycling applications.
Q: Does the 1P104S battery pack meet international transportation and project certification requirements?A: Yes. Energy storage systems based on the 1P104S configuration comply with major international standards such as CE, UN38.3, MSDS, and 3C, supporting global transportation, deployment, and project delivery.
Q: Is the 1P104S battery pack suitable for frequent charge–discharge applications?
A: Yes. Thanks to LFP chemistry and liquid-cooling design, the 1P104S battery pack performs reliably in high-frequency cycling applications such as frequency regulation and peak shaving, while maintaining long service life.For more information or to request a quote, contact the Dagong ESS team:
📧 sales@dagongess.com
🌐 www.dagongess.com
